Thomas Newman
Thomas Newman生于1955年10月20日,自小接受丰富的音乐熏陶,与完整扎实的音乐教育,小时候Thomas Newman就时常在片场游晃,看着自己的父亲叔伯制作电影音乐,不过子承父业对当时年幼的Thomas Newman来说,是几乎没有考虑过的事,Thomas Newman回忆时说:那时家人和我常去看父亲工作,那真的是很有趣神奇的感觉,不过对我来说,那只是”我父亲的工作”,我并不会真的想投入这样的行业。 Thomas Newman十四岁时父亲过世,一两年后,Thomas Newman才开始渐渐对电影音乐发生兴趣,说起来让Thomas Newman走上电影配乐创作的关键人物并不是他著名的父亲Alfred Newman,而是银河帝国的黑暗武士Darth Vader,这要从何说起呢?这得回到Thomas Newman的学生时期,当时他的叔叔Lionel担任福斯电影音乐部门总裁的职唬琓homas Newman常常到福斯片场观摩电影音乐的制作情形,特别是John Williams的一些早期作品如《火烧摩天楼》等,也由于Lionel Newman与John Williams私交甚笃,因此在1983年,Thomas Newman得到了第一次为电影写音乐的机会,当时他为《绝地大反攻》中,Darth Vader在路克怀中死去的配乐做管弦编曲,他回忆时说:其实Williams已经为这段戏写了一个十分完整的音乐大纲,几乎不只是大纲了。但不管如何,能为这段音乐作细部编曲的工作,对Thomas Newman来说是一次印象十分深刻的经验。另一位叔叔Emil Newman,在Thomas Newman开始对电影音乐发生兴趣时,也给了Thomas Newman许多鼓励与协助,Emil Newman由电影界退休时,Thomas Newman还只是个高中生,但他教导Thomas Newman一些指挥音乐的概念,同时也鼓励Thomas Newman发展自己的音乐,后来Thomas Newman进入南加大学习音乐并取得耶鲁音乐硕士的学位,毕业之后游走于舞台剧与摇滚乐团,1984年,Thomas Newman应一位好友Scott Rubin邀,为《Reckless》一片谱写歌曲,Thomas Newman开始正式走入电影音乐的领域。不论最初Thomas Newman对自己是如何打算的,终究他还是走上电影音乐一途,只是家族的声望对他而言未必是一种助力,反而更容易成为一种压力,但Thomas Newman却勇于走出父亲的阴影,开创自已的音乐风格,虽然有时不免会在不同的作品中,看到一些一再重复使用的音乐手法,但不论是在Newman家族的成员中,或是其它的电影音乐同行间,他的作品始终保持了高度的原创性,结合了电子音乐与传统器乐,极富实验色彩和独创企图。Thomas Newman对”新声音”的开发始终不遗余力,虽然他在管弦音乐的把握上,一直有很好的水准,但实际上他更热衷于电子音乐的实验与运用,也许是身为一代配乐大师之后,对Thomas Newman而言,写传统的管弦电影配乐,不免有难以超越前人成绩的压力,也时常陷于与好莱坞管弦配乐公式对抗的挣扎,因此对Thomas Newman来说,只有在电子音乐这种充满实验性与未知性的领域中,才能真正的做属于自己的音乐,而不是做别人心目中认为应该要做的音乐。一般来说,Thomas Newman的音乐并不像典型的好莱坞电影音乐,具有高度的戏剧性和煽动力,反而呈现内敛沈稳的性灵色彩,看似平淡却另有一番省思沉静的意境,其间也不乏令人意外的轻狂,活力与热情。他清新单纯却又深刻优雅的乐风,在好莱坞戏剧色彩强烈,布局结构华丽的的主流电影音乐中,突显出一股独特的清流气息,关键在于Thomas Newman一直把持着”为电影写配乐”的作曲立场,坚信电影音乐家有时必须克制自已身为一名音乐家的表现欲,扮演好用音乐辅佐电影的角色,而不是设法在电影中反客为主,大出风头,当然,某些情况下,电影音乐确实有可能成为电影中最吸引人的焦点,但一名电影音乐家必须了解,哪些时候可以做那样的事,哪些时候则不该喧宾夺主,反而让音乐成为电影的负担,我们在Thomas Newman的作品中,不难时常感受到这类很”背景音乐”的自制作风,有时过多这类背景音乐式的作品,会让Thomas Newman的原声带变的空洞而欠缺独立性,但这类作品在电影中,往往也能以简洁的刻划,传递出沁人心田的感动,形成一种引人入胜的魅力,简单的说,Thomas Newman是一名可以为成全电影,而牺牲自我表现空间的电影音乐家,他真正的为电影写音乐,而不是为了让唱片大卖而写音乐,不过,其实在 ThomasNewman认为适当且合理的情形下,他也能精湛的展现音乐的独立性,旋律性与完整性,如《女人香》,《肖申克的救赎》或《新小妇人》等,都有十分出色,而且富有独立欣赏价值的乐章,当中不少音乐片段都成为电影预告片的常用配乐,其它的代表作还包括了《油炸绿西红柿》,《奥斯卡与露辛达》以及近期的《轻声细语》,《第六感生死缘》等,Thomas Newman的作风证明了他不仅是一名出色的”音乐家”,也是一名懂得取舍与自制的”电影音乐家”。Thomas Newman到目前为止,曾在1994年以《新小妇人》与《肖申克的救赎》同时入围金像奖,并在次年以《Unstrung Heroes》再度入围金像奖喜剧既音乐剧类最佳电影音乐,1999年的《美国丽人》更是大受瞩目,此外Thomas Newman也一再受到其它影展与影评人的肯定,配乐的邀约不断,虽然如此,有一位声名显赫的父亲,对于电影配乐的工作,Thomas Newman偶尔还是会感慨:I Never Felt Easy。但从Thomas的成绩与受到的欢迎来看,他已然走出自己的音乐生涯,并且走的有声有色,毕竟对更多新一代的乐迷来说,谈到Newman这个名号,Thomas Newman(或者是Randy Newman)绝对比Alfred Newman更要来的熟悉,这是一种实实在在,来自努力与实力的成就与肯定。A second-generation member of Hollywood's preeminent musical dynasty, composer Thomas Newman carried on his family's legacy through a series of Academy Award-nominated film scores. Born in Los Angeles on October 20, 1955, he was the son of Alfred Newman and the nephew of Lionel and Emil Newman, all three renowned composers and conductors from Hollywood's golden age; Thomas' brother David also followed in the family business, as did their cousin, the sardonic singer/songwriter Randy Newman. Thomas studied piano and violin as a child, following a two-year stay at the University of Southern California by earning a master's degree in music from Yale. Although his early musical theater project Three Mean Fairy Tales was championed by Stephen Sondheim, Newman spent the better part of the late '70s playing keyboards in the rock band the Innocents and the improvisational combo Tokyo 77. In 1983, he broke into the film industry by orchestrating a John Williams cue from Return of the Jedi, composing his first full score, Reckless, the following year. Newman's ethnic-inspired score to the 1985 Madonna vehicle Desperately Seeking Susan proved his breakthrough, and he further honed his distinctive electro-orchestral approach on subsequent projects including 1987's The Lost Boys and Less Than Zero. Films including Fried Green Tomatoes, The Rapture, and Scent of a Woman followed before Newman earned a pair of Oscar nominations in 1994 for his work on The Shawshank Redemption and Little Women; a year later, he received another Academy Award nomination for Unstrung Heroes. Newman's fourth Oscar bid arrived with 1999's American Beauty, which did not win the composer an Oscar for best score, but the soundtrack album, released by DreamWorks, did win the Grammy Award in its category. Newman received further Academy Award nominations in successive years for his work on Road to Perdition (2002), Finding Nemo (2003), and Lemony Snicket’s A Series of Unfortunate Events (2004). He won another two Grammy Awards for his theme for the television series Six Feet Under, best instrumental composition and best instrumental arrangement. His eighth Oscar nomination came with The Good German (2006).